Born on 21 January 1995 in Gothenburg, Sebastian Karlsson developed in his native Sweden with IK Sävehof, where he spent 10 years before moving to France to join Montpellier Handball. In the Hérault, he won the Coupe de France in 2025 and reached the EHF European League final that same year.
He signed for Paris Saint-Germain in 2025 and was crowned French champion in his first season, scoring 50 league goals. A leading player for Sweden, he was notably decisive in securing third place at EHF EURO 2024, scoring seven goals in the bronze-medal match against Germany (34-31).